Vulnerability Assessment Essay Example for Free

Vulnerability Assessment Essay The importance and criticality of water for the existence, continuity, safety and comfort of human existence has remained acknowledged since the beginning of human life. Different generations and civilizations have tried in various ways to harness it for diverse purposes, for sustenance, transportation, human safety, irrigation, power generation, and industry. While previous civilizations were content with settling near water sources, or in areas with greater rainfall, advances in technology and increases in population, have led (a) to the emergence of issues like urbanization, sanitation, control of waterborne diseases, water treatment, depletion, conservation, and reuse, (b) to the extensive study of water resources and water cycles, and (c) to the formulation and implementation of various actions to ensure its appropriate use for human comfort and development. Recent decades have seen the development of issues like widespread asphalting and concreting in urban areas, sharply increased demands for water on a global basis, increased contamination of naturally available water, disturbances in water cycles because of pollution and global warming, and terrorist threats aimed at contaminating or damaging water storage and supply systems. Water supply, and its availability for human usage, has thus become increasingly vulnerable to diverse forces, forcing administrations and decision makers to respond with short and long term strategies to reduce water vulnerability, now and in the future. Objective The three county region of Palm Beach, Broward, and Miami-Dade, in Southern Florida, represents one such area in the United States where rapid urbanization, increasing population and significant increases in water consumption have led to increased water vulnerability and to carefully thought out and constructed responses by administrators and policymakers to counter this development, both in the short and long term. This assignment aims to study, assess and analyze the issue on the basis of the following requirements, parameters and assumptions: †¢ Identification of supply and demand factors that, at present, define and affect water supply for specified tri county region on the basis of research. †¢ Identification and assessment of the natural and manmade hazards that can currently affect water supplies in the three counties. †¢ Forecasting of the likely environment, and identification of water supply and demand issues after 60 years, i. e. , in 2067, considering that (a) half the existing square footage of impervious surface is added every 30 years, (b) another 50% of the existing footage is remodeled every 30 years, and, the annual population grows at the rate of 1. 5% annually. †¢ Identification of measures to (a) mitigate adverse impacts to water supply and (b) to adapt buildings to the projected realities of 2067, on the basis of a comparative assessment of water supply vulnerability in 2007 and 2067. The research effort depends primarily upon material available on the subject by way of texts, journals, and magazines, in electronic and print format, as well as on official and other websites. All information sources are available in the bibliography. The assignment is structured into sections that deal with issues sequentially and thus enable progression of ideas and cohesion of thought. 2. Current Demand and Supply Factors that define and affect Water Supply in the Palm Beach, Broward, and Miami-Dade counties of Southern Florida. The Tri County area in Southern Florida lies in the southeastern tip of the United States, the peninsular finger like landmass that stretches into the oceans, bounded by the Atlantic on the east and the Gulf of Mexico on the west. Apart from its unique, practically tropical ecosystem, the Tri County area is well known for its diverse ethnic structure, its agricultural produce, its burgeoning population, its rapid urbanization, and its sophisticated and controlled water management system. All these factors, ecological and anthropogenic, have led to opposing environmental stresses, burgeoning demand, and a complex and vulnerable water supply situation. (Blake) a. Demand Demand factors have thus been governed by burgeoning population, increased demand for agricultural water, greater use of recreational facilities, and increased industrial demand. Demand for water has increased significantly during the last four decades. The population of the tri county area has increased from about 3500 in 1900 to more than five and a half million in 2006, making it one of the most densely inhabited areas of the USA. This sharp growth in population is due, apart from migration from other states and organic growth of local population, to significant immigration influx, which, in turn has led to a multi ethnic and multicultural demographic structure. The present population of 5. 5 million consists of 1. 29 million people living in Palm Beach, 2. 4 million in Miami-Dade, and 1. 79 million in Broward. The population is a mix of white, African American, Hispanic, Native American, and Asian ethnicity, the continuous expansion occurring because of agricultural development and expansion in the early and middle years of the 20th century, its substitution by industry and mining, and extensive urbanization. Water is needed for municipal, agricultural, recreational, industrial, and power generation needs. Usage of water in the Tri County increased, by about 250%, between 1965 and 2000, i. e. , from 875 to 2140 Mgal/day. (Impact of Anthropogenic Development on Coastal Ground-Water Hydrology in Southeastern Florida, 1900-2000) b. Supply Supply of water in the Tri County area is met in approximately proportions by surficial aquifer and ground water systems. Ground water is the principal source of municipal supply and is obtained from numerous well fields. Water for agricultural purposes comes largely from surface sources in Palm Beach and Miami Dade, and while its requirement had steadily increased until the late 80s, has since declined because of substitution. Freshwater in the Tri County is limited in quantity and is of inadequate quality. Groundwater has been subjected to surface contamination and by underground saltwater incursion. Some wells are near landfills, treatment plants, and contaminated sites, and are thus vulnerable to increasing contamination. Some areas still rely upon septic tank sanitation and private wells, both of which can cause public health problems. The Tri County area is characterized by high evapotranspiration, periodic floods and droughts, and infrequent hurricanes. Annual precipitation is between 50 to 62 inches. (Thomas) The Tri County and contiguous areas have had to suffer the development of a controlled water management system, aimed at using land for urbanization and agriculture, and comprising of a widespread system of â€Å"canals, levees, impoundments, surface-water control structures, and numerous municipal well fields, †¦ used to sustain the present-day Everglades hydrologic system, prevent overland flow from moving eastward and flooding urban and agricultural areas, maintain water levels to prevent saltwater intrusion, and provide †¦ adequate water supply. † (Impact of Anthropogenic Development on Coastal Ground-Water Hydrology in Southeastern Florida, 1900-2000) Fast increasing population and rapid urbanization has led to the development of unprecedented urbanization, with consequent asphalting and concreting of vast tracts of land. In an area dependent upon potable water ground wells for most of its fresh water resource, this has resulted in depletion of surface and intermediate aquifers, because of the forced routing of rainwater, unable to penetrate impervious concretized and asphalted surfaces, through runoffs and drains, into the seas. (Blake) 3. Identification and Assessment of Natural and Anthropogenic Hazards that can Currently Affect Water Supplies in the Tri County Area. Natural hazards in the area can arise from periodic floods and droughts. In fact, a drought like situation in 2007 has resulted in restriction of water supplies. Palm Beach and Broward are under Phase III water restrictions, with stipulations that outdoor watering should not occur more than once a week, whereas Miami-Dade is under a Phase II restriction. Hurricanes also occur but are reasonably infrequent. The area has seen massive human intervention for a number of decades, resulting in wide ranging changes to the ecosystem and the development of potentially hazardous situations. Population growth and urbanization have led to changes in the coastal hydrology of the surficial aquifer system. The construction of a complex water management system, involving drainage facilities, large well fields, and levees, along with widespread concretization, has led to the depletion of aquifers and can result in exacerbation of drought like conditions. The population explosion has put enormous stress on sanitation and water treatment facilities, and there is significant risk of drinking contamination where people still depend upon private wells, especially in areas where septic tanks are still in use. Runoffs from urbanized areas have introduced high level of phosphorus, nitrogen and other contaminants in water bodies, which can certainly pose health hazards if not tackled adequately. These pollutants, along with salt water intrusions can threaten the quality of groundwater, and in fact, have forced new well digging to move westwards, away from the sea. Ecological damage to existing flora and fauna and to the natural ecosystem has been extensive, resulting in (a) loss and damage of the water from the natural system due to discharge and seepage, (b) drop in wading bird populations, (c) infestation of land with exotic invasive plants and (d) the development of thousands of contaminated (brownfield) sites. (Thomas) Continuous population expansion, currently pegged at 1. 8% annually can also result in further pressure on water supply to the three counties. 4. Forecasting of Situation in 2067 on the basis of Assumptions provided in the Objectives listed in Section 1. The situation in 2067, sixty years from now, is unpredictable because of the largely unknown consequences of global warming and its effect upon annual precipitation, the periodicity of droughts and floods, temperature fluctuations, and the occurrence of hurricanes. Recent disasters like the Tsunami and Katrina have driven home the point that uncertainties in weather and geological behavior are going to become more pronounced, and while predictability is going to be difficult, implementation of early action warning systems could help in mitigating extensive damage to life and property. Projections need to be made upon the basis of certain assumptions, and in the Tri County area depend mainly upon population growth. While the average population growth in the past in this region has averaged 1. 8% annually, the forecasted growth of 1. 5% per annum would lead to the following population figures for the Tri County.

Good Year Tire Corporation :: essays research papers fc

COMPANY BACKGROUND By 1998, Goodyear had a debt of $3.7 billion dollars. From 1995-1998 Goodyear’s principal business was development, distribution, and sales of times for most applications. Goodyear was a multi-product, diversified conglomerate and its’ approach to becoming a global company was having only one single global strategy, instead of tailoring products and distribution to each national market. OVERVIEW OF STRENGTHS Size still matters and Goodyear has size. Its 1999 sales were $12,881,000,000 representing a one-year sales growth of 2%. Its net income was $241,000,000, a lot of money but a decrease of 64.7% from one year earlier. Despite that drop in net income, Goodyear paid a $.30 dividend. Its net income also beat Wall Street’s expectations. It has become the world leader in tire sales as a result of its alliance with Japan’s Sumitomo Rubber Industries. Goodyear ranks No. 130 in Fortune Magazine’s 500 list of large companies. Its product diversity includes the manufacture and sale of tires, industrial and consumer products from rubber including belts, hoses, and tank tracks, and a wide range of synthetic rubber, resins, and organic chemicals. Goodyear supplies tires to European and North American auto manufacturers and construction and agricultural equipment manufacturers and operates more than 900 retail tire outlets that also provide auto repair ser vices. Like many American manufacturers, though, it has extended its reach to include international markets in order to stay ahead of its competition. It has more than 90 facilities in 30 countries, and world-wide marketing operations. Two attributes that any company desires are brand recognition and brand loyalty. Goodyear enjoys both. Its’ blimps are one of the world’s most recognized advertising symbols. In 1999, it ranked No. 1 in six of eight categories to lead its industry in Fortune’s â€Å"Most Admired List†. Leadership categories included quality, innovativeness, employee talent, social responsibility, financial soundness, and long-term investment. Of these, quality is probably the most important in creating and keeping brand loyalty. Its P/E ratio is 15.95, a very conservative number when compared to Internet stocks, which frequently have P/E ratios of 50 or more. The industry (rubber/plastics) P/E ratio is 13.65 while the broad market (8,000 stocks traded on the NYSE, AMEX, and NASDAQ, has a P/E of 39.46. Another strength is its intangibles, which include a 100,000-person workforce, patents and trademarks. Goodyear owns 2,903 patents and five trademarks (Goodyear, Hi-Miler, Vi per, Vintner, and Allegra). OVERVIEW OF WEAKNESSES In 1999, Goodyear’s sales were down from 1998 in Eastern Europe, Africa Middle East market, Latin America market, Engineered Products market, and Chemical Products market.

Nurse symbolises Essay

In contrast to these three characters, the next characters show the opposition facing the accusations. Firstly I will discuss the protagonist of the play – John Proctor, whom I have already mentioned. Proctor is a steady man, in whose presence â€Å"a fool felt his foolishness instantly†. He is described as â€Å"a man in his prime, with a quiet confidence, and an unexpressed, hidden force†, which reveals his nature to the reader. Despite his affair with Abigail that becomes the source of the accusations, the reader feels sympathy towards him due to his preference of rationality over the supernatural, and his modern quality in his logic and his willingness for a better life for future generations. The Nurses, particularly Rebecca Nurse, are represented as near saints who rely upon practical wisdom and experience. Miller reveals that the Nurses have held a grudge against the Putnams both over land, and also over Putnam’s wanted man in the ministry. Rebecca Nurse symbolises the good in the community although this does not affect Putnam’s motivations and the accusations that are made. The last character is Giles Corey. He is a man who â€Å"didn’t give a hoot for public opinion†, but is able to oppose Putnam and Parris due to his contentious, and combative manner. Finally, there is the Reverend John Hale, who approaches religious matters with the conviction of a scientist. He holds the belief that they cannot rely upon superstition to solve the girls’ problems but they may find a supernatural explanation for the events. Although he does not side with anyone, he is wrapped up in the hysteria that has been created, and evokes further paranoia. He shows the essence of the conflict of religion and superstition that is at the foreground in ‘The Crucible’. The First Act of ‘The Crucible’ shows several significant themes that continue during the play. I think that one of the most important themes is the ability for accusations to snowball, gaining pace and involving others that were in the background. An early example of this is the charges against the girls and Tituba. At first they are accused of simply dancing, then of dancing naked. These accusations proceed until Tituba is deemed a witch, and others are accused of Satanism. Another important theme is the shift of blame from one character to another. This is largely due to the minority of people willing to accept the consequences of their actions. The ability of characters to choose whichever position suits their self-interest is encompassed in the First Act largely with Abigail, who uses everything for her own purpose. As I mentioned during my introduction, the play is aptly named ‘The Crucible’, which serves as an instrument in which tensions reach a climax under the cloud of accusations. In Act Three, Danforth refers to the title in saying â€Å"We burn a hot fire here; it melts down all concealment†. This is true in the sense that all the motives of the characters are revealed, but these have to be firstly explained, and this occurs in Act One. Miller uses imagery and language to add to the tensions and conflicts encountered in the First Act. He uses double negatives as a way to emphasise and also to set the play in the right period of history. Miller uses such imagery as â€Å"sweated like a stallion†: an image taken straight from the farm to reflect the themes and set the period. Miller writes that Abigail states that â€Å"Let either of you breath a word †¦ sun go down†. This quote contains very powerful language and gives a sense of the harshness of the atmosphere that they lived in. After Act One, the accusations spiral out of control with countless others being accused including Elizabeth Proctor, Rebecca Nurse, and John Proctor himself. The mass hysteria reaches a climax with the accused being hanged after refusing to confess to a sin that they did not do. Reverend John Hale sides with Proctor and says that these accusations are not based upon anything, just personal vendettas. In conclusion, Arthur Miller uses the First Act of ‘The Crucible’ as a strong foundation for the mass hysteria and the intensity of the paranoia that follows in the play. The themes of the play need to be sown into the play quickly and effectively so as to ensure the quick rise of tension. The main issue throughout the play of the conflict of religion and superstition is involved straight away and Miller establishes the stem of all the accusations of Abigail’s affair with Proctor quickly, as well as giving an insight into the motivations of the other characters. Miller establishes the characteristics of the Salem community that make it so receptive to the witch hunt and how accusations can ignite fears and panic which can seize a town to such a great extent. ‘The Crucible’, thought of as an allegory to the McCarthyism that gripped America is elaborately constructed to illustrate how fear and hysteria mixed with an atmosphere of persecution may lead to tragically unjust consequences. The seeds of future conflict are intricately sown in the first Act to provide ‘The Crucible’ with a solid base on which the accusations raise the tension and conflict to such extreme heights and where characters are wrapped up in the hysteria that make the play so compelling. All the important themes are encompassed during the first Act, such as the shifting of blame, and the conflicts of characters, that allow the rest of the play to spiral out of all proportions permitting ‘The Crucible’ to be so powerful and utterly riveting.

Results And Data Analysis Plan Essay - 1077 Words

Results Data Analysis Plan The raw data were analyzed as the mean BOLD activations and their standard deviations (Figure 5). Data were analyzed in 2 (Age) X 4 (Stimuli), within-subjects analysis of variance (ANOVA). Data regarding the face and scrambled face conditions were analyzed using a 2 (age) X 2 (Face Stimuli and Scrambled Face Stimuli), within-subjects ANOVA. Data regarding only the multi-part and chain objects stimuli were then analyzed using a 2 (Age) X 2 (Multi-Part Object, Chain Object), within subjects ANOVA. Lastly, the relationship between the BOLD response to familiar objects in 4-month-olds and the BOLD response to faces at 4-month-olds were analyzed using a t-test. Descriptive Statistics There was very little difference between participants in regard to gender (Males, n = 7, Females, n = 9) and race (White, n = 16). All of the infants were approximately 1-month-old at the first session (M = 1.1) and 4-months-old (M = 3.9) at the second session. Raw Data When examining the raw data, the average change in the BOLD signal for faces was significant (1.8% change) whereas the BOLD signal for the other stimuli was not significant (scrambled faces .35% change, familiar objects .37% change, novel objects .35% change) when the infants were 1-month-old. When the infants were 4-months-old and measured a second time, the average change was significant for face and familiar stimuli (1.75% and 1.25%). When measured the second time, the change in BOLD signal remainedShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Plan For The Chi Square Approach1018 Words   |  5 PagesThe chi-square approach includes four steps: Hypothesis, analysis plan, sample data sample already provided in milestone 2 and results. Hypothesis Once the data was processed and displayed in excel, observations of data and pattern were obtained. By just looking at the display of data the relationship among variables are perceived; the type of class can be the independent variable and the dependent variables are the number of participants that might be influenced by another variable that can beRead MoreAnalyzing Market Trends And Developments Essay1706 Words   |  7 Pagessometimeskub@hotmail.com To: ling@barklycollege.com Subject: Analysing the market report for TEE company Dear Ling, Here is the marketing analysis report of T-House company according to BSBMKG507 Interpret Market Trends and development. The full report is attached. Please reply me with feedback about the report. Kind regards, Sanchai N. Assessment Task 2: Project – Market analysis Introduction T-House company is selling chestnut imported from China under Australian brand. The company is now distributing chestnutsRead MoreUsage Of Findings Of An Evaluation Essay1596 Words   |  7 Pageswill submit a final written report at the conclusion of the evaluation. The final report will have a record of all the data we collect through interviews, observations, and data analysis. We also plan on having a presentation explaining our findings with the entire MAW GLA staff as well as any interested stakeholders. As MAW GLA is the one commissioning the evaluation, the results will be most applicable to the chapter and the unique issues they face. Staff members, particularly those involved withRead MoreClinically Related Data in the Healthcare Industry1352 Words   |  5 Pagesindustry generates large volumes of clinically related data every minute. It can be in the form of electronic records, scan reports, printed documents, images etcetera. The sources of these records are technologies like CT scan, MRI scan, Ultrasound, ECG, Dialysis, biopsy equipment etc. The objectives of this smart approach are to make this data useful and productive for analysis and study of health patterns and create statistics. A detailed analysis can help the community to get awareness for improvedRead MoreProject Management : A Task And Building Interpersonal Skills Essay1448 Words   |  6 Pagespossible errors and implement effect to the end result-whether you are directly involved in a project ‘methodolo gy’ or you are supervising a group of individual (or a team) it is possible that project managers are familiar with what project management entails. Young (2003) describes project management as ‘a collection of linked activities carried out in an organised manner with a clearly defined start point and finish point, to achieve some specific results that satisfy the needs of an organisation asRead MoreRitz Carlton1692 Words   |  7 Pagesorganization. With these new policies in place, Schulze lead Ritz Carlton to the first recipient of the Malcolm Baldridge National Quality Award for Service. The 1999 Ritz-Carlton application summary is as follows: Criteria 1: Leadership Plan Ââ€" There are seven specific decisions collectively made by Senior Leaders to set direction for business excellence:  · 10 year vision  · Strategy  · 5 year mission  · Methods  · 3 year objective  · Foundation  · 1 year tactic The senior leadersRead MoreEvaluation Of Six Sigma Improvement Process Essay1519 Words   |  7 Pagesto predict the stresses and warp of the specimen with varying factor levels. Also the primary objective is to make use of computer simulations to predict the stress as this would lower the cost of actual production cost. The team uses design and analysis of computer experiments (DACE) to predict the stress caused by the laser welding process. The Define phase well-articulated in Identifying the business objectives. In this phase, the team had clearly listed down all the problems. The team had identifiedRead MoreSwot Analysis : A Swot1371 Words   |  6 Pages SWOT analysis is valuable in understanding and revising the position of the company before decisions are made about company direction or the application of a new business idea. PEST is a tool to assess external factors. It is useful to complete a PEST analysis before a SWOT, although it may be more useful to complete a PEST analysis during, or after, a SWOT. SWOT and PEST are vital in determining the success of a business. SWOT analysis is a form of situational analysis in which internal strengthsRead MoreBenefast Partners Hris Package: Flexibility and Focus Increases Performance996 Words   |  4 PagesBenefast Partners should consider for its HRIS system are as follows: an analysis of its market, an improvement in its market strategy, and data analysis to guide the planning of both long term and short term goals. (Critical, 2011) Benefast should begin with an analysis of its market and comparable institutions. They must be able to identify profitable market niches that will enable it to grow. Demographics, cost analysis, and potential growth factors into all of its decisions. Once the marketRead MoreResearch Goals And Strengths And Weaknesses1402 Words   |  6 PagesAlways start with your research goals When analyzing data (whether from questionnaires, interviews, focus groups, or whatever), always start from review of your research goals, i.e., the reason you undertook the research in the first place. This will help you organize your data and focus your analysis. For example, if you wanted to improve a program by identifying its strengths and weaknesses, you can organize data into program strengths, weaknesses and suggestions to improve the program. If you

Video Games Improving Critical Life Skills - 1587 Words

Nick Smith PSY 101-ENG 121 Mandley-Stilwell December 1, 2016 How Video Games are Bolstering Critical Life Skills in Children In 1972 Magnavox Odyssey and Atari developed and released what has come to be understood as the first video game titled, Pong. A simple tennis game where the goal is simply to keep the ball within the bounds of the screen. Since then, video games have flourished into a diverse industry varying in several genres. It has become an industry where companies work to develop a game as a form of art, or simply an immersive action packed adventure. While the significance of this topic is not to be disregarded, as video games have become an extremely popular hobby among children and teens. As gamers around the world play for an astonishing three billion hours every week. However, video games especially first person shooter games (FPS) have come to portray a very negative connotation among parents of millennials, as they are believed to cause aggression in adolescents. Interestingly enough, research shows they actually have various positive effects like an increase in hand-eye coordination, pr oblem solving skills and situational awareness. So when it comes to titles intended for more mature audiences, the decision falls to the parent on whether or not to allow their child the possession of said title. The argument generally made is that playing video games generally increases aggressive behavior in laboratory experiments. In field studies, giving schoolShow MoreRelatedVideo Games Have A Positive Effect On Kids And More Adults Should Let Their Kids1465 Words   |  6 PagesI believe that video games have a positive effect on kids and more adults should let their kids play video games because of the many learning aspects that it can share. Most people say video games are too violent and that it stops kids from paying attention in school. All video games require a lot of critical thinking that can help you think better either its dealing with school work or any other situation. â€Å"Kids who play video games are given unusual problems to solve, many of which they must solveRead MoreVideo Games and Child Development: Good? Or Bad? Essays678 Words   |  3 PagesVideo Games and Child Development: Good? Or Bad? It’s no doubt that video games are very influential toward a younger audience. But, what people fail to realize is, that a game can seem influential to one person, but have no effect on another. The level of influence a game has on a person, depends on their mental state, and their perception of reality; however, it still can also have a positive effect on these individuals. To people that know the difference between pixels on a screen and actualRead MoreThe Effects Of Violent Video Games On Children902 Words   |  4 Pageswith some form of an activity that occupies their restless minds. Violent video games are a conflict in modern day society because children are witnessing harsh behaviors that are conditioning them to believe it is acceptable to commit these actions displayed before their eyes. There are many health effects that are involved with participating in these products of entertainment such as an increase in aggression, poor social skills and the formation of terr ible habits. The ideas that will be discussedRead MoreCurrent Force That Impact Curriculum Design And Program1207 Words   |  5 PagesCurrent force that impact curriculum design and program in the 21st century education, and developing an internationally-minded learner in a globalized era. Technology is manoeuvred into our everyday life, and it is evolving rapidly which urge educators to redefine the students’ potentials, and learning to know will never be the same. Technology calls for a change in learning and teaching for the 21st century education. The vast change and innovation of new technologies offer changeRead MoreVideo Games : An Educational Institution1481 Words   |  6 PagesVideo games. School. One is an entertainment platform while the other is an educational institution. At first glance, they appear to standing obsoleted in a spectrum. One might even claim the video games like hinders the education process or cause the younger generation socially isolated. However, couldn’t the same be said out the core curriculum place in the majority of school? Schools and video games like Papers, Please might even share similar structure and lessons. Papers, Please is an integrativeRead MoreAttention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder and Video Games1154 Words   |  5 PagesAttention-deficit hyperactivity disorder ADHD and Video games (Final review) This evaluation review is to determine the focus on what qualifies all referenced website or group of authors to write about ADHD. Studies provide validity to the data identifies as a reoccurrence when using devices. It sustains and controls the focus of a child with ADHD attention to be known as an addition. Studies express that video games and other devices such as TV can cause children with ADHD to have an additionRead MoreVideo Games And Its Effects On The Classroom929 Words   |  4 Pagesnotable one being a kid’s obsession with video games, spending hours glued to the monitor. Instead of fighting it, educators around the nation are accepting and adopting the video game interest to their classrooms. Many may argue that videogames are a distraction and are too violent, however, if implemented in school systems the games used will be safe and focused around the core subject. Otherwise, â€Å"there are teachers out there that are interested in leveraging game for learning, they re not alone.†Read MoreVideo Games Effects1616 Words   |  7 Pagesmale, people have blamed video games. They say that video games make people violent. But that isn’t true. Video games may make people violent while playing them, but that violence never leads any further than yelling at the television screen. Video games should not be put down. In fact, video games help people better their motor skills, the military uses video games for training exercises, and a lot of people use video games to relieve stress. A lot of people view video games as being bad and say thatRead MoreGet Moving to Keep Improving Essay850 Words   |  4 Pagesbecome one of the most critical health problems in our nation today. Our children follow in our footsteps as we lead them to the burden of weight-related chronic diseases such as heart disease, strokes, diabetes, and several forms of cancer. One of the factors leading to obesity is the lack of physical activity from our daily lives. For a substantial duration of the day children are stuck sitting in school. After school they are glued to the television, computer, or video game controller. When outsideRead MoreThe On The Brain Fitness Industry939 Words   |  4 Pageschildren and teenagers with attention-deficit problems, and on improving cognitive function and academic performance in healthy children and adults. The aim is to develop the brain in such a way that it performs at optimum capacity in five areas: language, memory, problem solving, mental agility and focus. But the question remains whether an intervention that challenges the brain — a puzzle, picture, studying or improving skill on a video game — can really raise your intelligence or prevent memory loss

Partition and Scramble of Africa - 1582 Words

INTRODUCTION It can be refferd to as a period whereby European powers colonised, invaded, occupied and annexed African territories in a very rapid and unprecedented manner, even though there was little interest in Africa up to the 1870s. In fact, up to 1880 Europeans ruled merely 10% of the African continent. Yet within 30 years, by 1914, European nations will have claimed all of Africa except Liberia (a small territory of freed slaves from the United States) and Abyssinia (Ethiopia), which had successfully held off Italian invaders at the battle of Adowa in 1896. The partitioning of Africa was seen as a means of easing tensions between European states which was high in the late 19th century and avoid a full blown out war in Europe†¦show more content†¦Therefore, New Imperialism was backed up by industrialists who, while extending the limits of their markets, promoted the political expansion of western empires. The wish to realize new investments in Africa. Industrial bourgeois were co nstantly searching for lucrative investments, ranging from the exploitation of natural resources, such as farming or mining extraction, to production of goods, such as electric appliances, or to services, such as legal counselling. The new businesses in Africa provided huge returns because the western consumers demanded more and more items that required to be made with foreign materials. The industrialization revolution stimulated the intensification of economic relations between the West and the Africa that increased industrialists greed and, as a consequence, cemented their desire to expand western possessions in Africa to make more money. Therefore, the aggregate investments abroad were one of the economic levies that amplified the expansion in Africa. In addition there was the idea of civilizing people in Africa. This was a religious motive for many Christian missionaries, in attempt to save the souls of the uncivilized people, and of the idea that Christians and theShow MoreR elatedBerlin Conference of 1884: Scramble and Partition of Africa818 Words   |  3 Pagesï » ¿Scramble and partition of Africa The expansion that was fueled by capitalist industrialism as well as nationalism subjugated land to be under European control, in nineteenth century. British Empire alone during this period was made up of more than a quarter of the worlds land mass and people. Europe in addition to its colonial possessions by 1914 occupied over 80 percent of the globe. This conquest of Africa somehow revealed a good example to what is termed as new imperialism. The confusionRead MoreThe World Of Color By B Dubois922 Words   |  4 Pages The Scramble for Africa can easily be defined as the forced invasion and division of African countries among European superpowers. Those powers included Great Britain, France, Spain, Portugal, Italy, Germany, and Belgium. Each superpower wanted control over a certain area on the continent and would do anything to ensure that their area remained in their best interest. To bring the conflicts to the forefront, the countries participated in the Berlin Africa Conference in 1884-1885. In this conferenceRead MoreAnalysis Of Wangari Was A Kenyan Political Activist And Her Country s Assistant Minister Of Environment, Natural Resources And855 Words   |  4 PagesCentral Africa to earn a doctorate. She later was elected to Kenya s National Assembly in the country’s first free election in 2002, and has written several books and scholarly articles. She is a winner of the Nobel Peace Prize for her holistic approach to sustainable development that embraces democracy, human rights, and women s rights in particular. She started the Green Belt movement, which is women in the community who plant trees in order to improve the quality of living throughout Africa. WangariRead MoreScramble for Africa1841 Words   |  8 PagesWhat were the major historical factors explaining ‘the scramble for Africa’? In order to approach this essay question, my analysis will be divided into two parts. The first section will define what the scramble for Africa means. In the subsequent sections, I will refer to the case history of colonization of Africa by some European countries, the motives behind their actions and its consequences on Africa particularly. The scramble for Africa was described as the golden period of European expansionismRead MoreExamine the Economic Arguments Used to Explain the Partition of West Africa2209 Words   |  9 PagesExamine the economic arguments used to explain the partition of West Africa. In the late 1880s, only limited areas of Africa were subjected to the direct rule of Europeans. However, the next 20 years saw an increase in the confiscation of African colonies by the Europeans and by 1914 the partition of Africa had been consolidated. By 1914, with the exception of Ethiopia and Liberia, the whole of Africa had been partitioned and occupied by the imperial powers of France, Britain, Germany, PortugalRead MoreSample Resume : Dublin City University Essay2132 Words   |  9 PagesHilderink Student ID: 15212972 Date: 13 November 2016 Programme: BA Humanities Module: History 2 Europe and the wider world? HIS2 Tutor: Dr Barry Whelan Content Assignment Report Form 3 Essay 4 ?What were the causes and motivations behind the ?Scramble for Africa 4 Bibliography 11 Assignment Report Form ASSIGNMENT REPORT FORM Student Name: Anita Hilderink Summary of Performance* Performance Components Bands Excellent (H1) Marks range: 70-100% Very Good (H2.1) Marks range: 60-69% Read MoreThe General Act of the Berlin Conference on West Africa2361 Words   |  10 PagesIntroduction The aim of this paper is to analyze the General Act of the Berlin Conference on West Africa (1884-1885) and the partition of Africa among the main European powers, considering its importance for the construction of Europe. The Conference of Berlin was the culmination of a process that began with the presence of European traders in the costal areas of West Africa. The relations between Europe and Africa developed during the age of slave trade and were transformed on the 19th century. The ConferenceRead MoreA Time Of Colonization Of The African Continent By European Power1537 Words   |  7 PagesAfrican continent by European power is better known as ‘the scramble for Africa’. The European nations involved in the scramble were Germany, France, Britain, Belgium, Portugal, and Italy. The economic, social, and military evolution Europe was going through at the time allowed for this to happen. In 1870, only 10 percent of Africa was under European control. However, over time European rivalries intensified which caused a mad scramble to rule as much of the continent as possible. By 1914 the onlyRead MoreThe European Colonization Of Africa1461 Words   |  6 PagesThe European colonization of Africa, also known as the Scramble for Africa, Partition of Africa, or Conquest of Africa, occurred between the 1870s and 1900s, and was the invasion, occupation, colonization, and annexation of African territory by European powers during a period of New Imperialism. European control of the continent increased from 10 percent (1870) to 90 percent (1914), with only three territories, Saguia el-Hamra, which was later integrated into Spanish Sahara, Ethiopia and LiberiaRead MoreSocial And Economic Effects Of British Imperialism1544 Words   |  7 Pagespopulation. Scramble for Africa The Scramble for Africa was marked by the occupation, division, and colonisation of African territories. It was lead by European powers in the period of New Imperialism, and disrupted many belief systems and traditional ways of life. It was a scramble as European powers aimed to increase their control over African territory, materials, and markets. The competition was intense, and eventually divided much of the continent among themselves. Much of Africa was forcibly

Position of Law on Co Ownership of Property

Question: Discuss about the Position of Law on Co Ownership of Property. Answer: Introduction Courts remain to encounter difficulties in particular accounting for the rights and liabilities of co-owners. In most of the cases, when the co-ownership relation end and the need to transfer the property arises. There two types of tenancies. These are, the joint tenancy and tenancy-in-common. Rationally, joint tenancy occurs when two or more acquire properties together with undivided or undefined shares which is the case in St Peters Street Number one, two, and three. We distinguish joint tenancy with four realities. The first one is the unity of proprietary rights, which means the equal right of possession to the entire property. The law says that joint tenant to hold the property in per my et per tout. It simply means that each party owns a whole but nothing as an individual. The second one is the harmony of interest. For this part, the co-owners get the equal treatment either for a fee or as a freehold. The third one is the title. This one states that the ownership should come from the same source. And lastly, is have the time, the unity of time dictates that all the parties vest their interest at the same time. In our concerned cases, all these entities exist in St Peters Street No. 1, 2, and 3. When we come to tenants in common, each party has its defined share. Notably, they may own their respective proportions equally, only that they are specified in writing. In a case one party dies, his/her interest in the property does not end, meaning that the property can comfortably pass to the beneficiaries. This type of tenancy mostly occur where the parties in the ownership come from different backgrounds, and they would want to protect the interest of their individual beneficiaries. Legal and Beneficial Joint Ownership Legal joint ownership states the people whose names appear on the title documents. In most cases, the legal owners are those people mentioned as the registered proprietors. Beneficial joint ownership talks more about the people with the right to share all the interests of the property. By this, the person with the beneficial interests controls the person with the legal interests. The law recognizes that sometimes that the legal owner is not the right owner of the property but merely holds the title to the property for the beneficial owner. The severance of joint ownership can occur either with or without the knowledge of other joint owners especially if their conduct is contradictory to joint ownership. To help Holly, Larissa, and Nathan, this paper we shall examine the requirement for severance, and compare the condition with each case. The procedures by which severance should happen are as follows; it can be by one party operating upon its share. It can occur when the co-owners decides to end the severance by agreement. It can also occur by any course of dealing sufficient to intimate that the interests of all were mutually treated as constituting a tenancy in common. Again, one joint tenant can also send the other notice in writing to the other joint tenants.' Some acts of a third party can also amount to severance. Also, severance can happen due to the acquisition of another estate in the land or through a merger. And lastly, in the cases of homicide, the law will never allow anyone to benefit from a crime. Following all those grounds for severity, this paper will now in depth discuss the application of such principles. For a short background on this case, Holly and Fred acquired St Peter Street No 1 as a married couple. While registering their plot, they registered the proprietorship as joint. Plus, they never had a child. Later on the road, this couple got problems and Fred (husband) decided to leave his share through a Will to his friend Jim. As far as joint tenancy is concerned, one significance feature is that when one party dies, the ownership ends there. In this case, it means that the surviving owner(s) becomes the sole proprietor. More than that, the deceased share doesn't count as a part of his/her estate. As a consequence of that, the property is also not available for division among the beneficiaries. The question in concern is, can a deceased leave transfer the ownership of joint property through a Will? The second question, can a Will have any other impact on property held in joint tenancy? Notably, any Will can only govern the properties that the deceased owned individually. With this, a will cant regulate any property held in joint tenancy.[12] Furthermore, Law Commission abolishes all other existing methods of severance other than severance by notice. So since Holly and Fred had their shares registered as joint, Holly was then entitled to the right of survivorship after the death of Fred. As we have seen above, tenancy in common allow the parties to pass the property to their beneficiaries after the die. With this, Fred could not pass his share to Jim because he had not severed their joint tenancy with Holly. Therefore, the Will giving the golfing buddy (Jim) a share of Freds estate is null and Void. In simple, Freds share had already passed on to Holly, as she was the only surviving tenant. In addition to this, we can also say that Fred held the property in trust for Holly, therefore he was not entitled to transfer it or handle it as it was solely owned by him. As for the case of St Peters Street No.2, the dispute concerns a four-bedroomed house owned Rachel, Ellie, Sophie and Larisa. The four persons acquired the ownership together, but forgot to declare their ownership while registering. In this dispute, this paper shall decide whether the ownership falls under Joint proprietorship or Tenancy in Common. For this purpose, the law can determine where their ownership falls by analyzing four tests. The first test would be the existence of the four entities of Joint ownership. The first one would be the unity of interest. For this one, its absolutely clear that the girls need a home but could not afford it. With that, they clubbed together. This fact concludes that there was unity of interest. Second is the unity of time. As a matter of fact, all these girls wanted a home at the same time. They met, filled the form at the same time, and moved to the house at the same time. Our third test would analyze the unity of title. These girls filled the forms together and even they all failed to fill the TRM together. More on that, they got the title from the same body of registration. This also concludes that there was a unity of title. Lastly, there is unity of possession. These girls physically own Street No 2, and there is no restriction on the use. Plus, there is no declaration of trust. In consideration of the above tests, the conclusion is that St Peters Street No.2 falls under joint in tenancy. Another point that makes the ownership a Joint ownership is the decision by the House of Lords that said its impossible for two people receiving thee title from one person, for the same building to own it as tenants in common. With this, the case Antoniades v Villiers serves a good mirror example. So in the case of St Peters Street No.2, the law would require Larissa to consider the process of severing the tenancy. In law, there are different methods of severing a joint tenancy but the main one is by way of a notice in writing. In this case, the best advice to Larissa would be severing their joint tenancy, and she should do it by a notice in writing. In general, the notice to severe any joint tenancy includes three elements. The first one is the current ownership. This element would require Larissa to include all the names of other proprietors of Street No. 2 as they appear in the title document. Secondly, Larissa would need to indicate how she wants to change the ownership. In this part, she would indicate that its from Joint tenancy to tenancy in common. And lastly, Larissa would need to indicate the different shares that each person owns. This would be easier because they own the property in equal shares among the four of them. Another point to note is that there are two ways of partitioning shares. That is, the partition in kind where the property is divided and each person walks with his/her share. The other one is the partition in sale where the property is sold and money is divided among the proprietors. The former works better when dividing a home. A short background of this case shows Aimee and Nathan purchasing street No. 3 together. They registered the ownership as joint tenants, Nathan is now unhappy with the marriage and wants to severe the tenancy. He send the request to sever to Aimee but Aimee dies before she shows her intention on severing. In this case, this paper shall examine the validity of a notice in severing a joint tenancy sent by posting to the other Joint tenan t(s). As far as this case is concerned, the law counts a notice to severe sent as far as it was sent to the tenants last known address (or business address). Another point to note is that the notice will be deemed sent either the other tenant received it or not. So for a case of Nathan and Aimee, the law considers that Nathan had already severed the tenancy. A mirror case that supports this fact is Kinch v Bullard. Both wife and husband owned a matrimonial home jointly. Sadly, the relationship got worse and the wife initiated divorce proceedings. The wife was ill and thought she would die before the husband, so she asked a solicitor to send a letter with a notice to severe the joint tenancy. Unfortunately, the husband died and the wife backed from the severance by retrieve the letter and tearing. Even though, the judge held that the tenancy had already been. With this concern, Nathan should accept that he cant have Aimees share because he had severed their joint tenancy. Nathan should know that he severed the tenancy the moment he sent the letter and it was delivered. Aimee didnt have to see it. Conclusion To sum it up, it's imperative that any two or more persons planning to live together should agree on their terms concerning their ownership, and such agreement should be explicit. Also, if anyone wants to obtain their ownership in the shared property, it's advisable to get it in an express trust declaring the share. Notably, a declaration of trust should be in written and a person with the capability to declare the trust append his/her signature. Biography Baird D James, Estates: Out Of the Ordinary Problems [2008] Joint Tenancy Dixon M, Modern Land Law (1st edn, Routledge 2012) Evans vs Evans (No.2), [1951] 2 D.L.R. 251 (B.C.C.A). Firth Michael, 'The Taxation of Jointly Owned Property' (2013) VOL XII GITC Review. Smith R, Property Law (8th edn, Pearson Longman 2012) Govett Quilliam, Joint Tenants vs Tenants in Common [2012] Last Update Conveyancing Act 1919, s2. Burgess v Rawnsley [1975] Ch 429, 444, 446 Re Gorman [1990] 1 WLR 616 Megarry Wade, para 9-048 Forfeiture Act 1982, s 2(4)(b) Evans vs Evans (No.2), [1951] 2 D.L.R. 251 (B.C.C.A). Law of Property Act 1925, s 36(2) Antoniades v Villiers [1988] 3 WLR 139 Kinch v Bullard [19981 1 WLR 423